토익 문법 2. 문장 성분 찾기

작성자:

학습 자료를 출력하여 빈칸을 채워 나가다 보면, 개념은 저절로 정리됩니다.

토익 문법 학습지 2. 문장 성분 찾기 개념 완성 학습지다운로드

1. 문장의 필수 뼈대: 주어(S)와 동사(V)

개념:

  • 주어(S): 문장에서 ‘누가/무엇이’ 행동하는지를 나타냅니다.
  • 동사(V): 주어의 ‘움직임’이나 ‘상태’를 나타내며, 문장의 핵심입니다.

정답 찾기 꿀팁:

  1. 동사(V)를 먼저 찾으세요. 문장에서 ‘~하다’로 해석되는 단어를 찾으면 됩니다.
  2. 동사 앞에 있는 명사를 주어로 생각하면 대부분 맞습니다. ‘누가? 무엇이?’ 동사 했는지 질문해 보세요.

[연습 1] 주어(S) 찾기 (총 10문제)

다음 문장에서 주어를 찾아 밑줄 치세요.

  1. The new project will begin next month.
  2. The manager announced the results.
  3. A new policy has been implemented this week.
  4. All employees attended the mandatory meeting.
  5. Our team is preparing for the presentation.
  6. The company’s profits increased significantly.
  7. The delivery arrived on time.
  8. The customer requested a refund.
  9. Mr. Kim will be responsible for the task.
  10. The updated software is available online.

[연습 2] 동사(V) 찾기 (총 10문제)

다음 문장에서 동사를 찾아 밑줄 치세요.

  1. The new project will begin next month.
  2. The manager announced the results.
  3. A new policy has been implemented this week.
  4. All employees attended the mandatory meeting.
  5. Our team is preparing for the presentation.
  6. The company’s profits increased significantly.
  7. The delivery arrived on time.
  8. The customer requested a refund.
  9. Mr. Kim will be responsible for the task.
  10. The updated software is available online.

2. 동사의 대상: 목적어(O)

개념: 동사의 행동이 ‘누구에게/무엇을’ 미치는지를 나타냅니다.

정답 찾기 꿀팁:

  • 동사 뒤에 와서 ‘~을/를’ 로 해석되는 명사(또는 명사구)를 찾으세요.
  • ‘동사 + 무엇을?’ 또는 ‘동사 + 누구를?’ 이라고 질문했을 때 대답이 되는 단어가 바로 목적어입니다. (예: read the book, eat lunch)

[연습 3] 목적어(O) 찾기 (총 20문제)

다음 문장에서 목적어를 찾아 밑줄 치고 O(목적어)로 표기하세요.

  1. The company launched a new product.
  2. She completed the report.
  3. We will hire a qualified candidate.
  4. They discussed the proposal.
  5. The artist created a beautiful painting.
  6. He received the package.
  7. The students submitted their assignments.
  8. The team will review the feedback.
  9. The CEO signed the contract.
  10. I found the solution.
  11. We need more time.
  12. They are planning a conference.
  13. She wrote a letter.
  14. He fixed the car.
  15. We will send the invoice.
  16. I appreciate your help.
  17. They are developing a new software.
  18. She accepted the offer.
  19. We will provide training.
  20. He wants a new phone.

3. 주어나 목적어를 보충 설명: 보어(C)

개념: 문장만으로는 의미가 불완전한 동사 뒤에서 주어나 목적어를 보충 설명해주는 말입니다. 보어의 핵심은 대등 관계가 성립하는지 여부입니다.

  • 2형식 문장 (주어 + 동사 + 주격 보어): 주어와 보어 사이에 대등 관계가 성립합니다. 주어를 보충 설명합니다.
  • 예: She is a manager. (She = a manager, 대등 관계 성립)
  • 3형식 문장 (주어 + 동사 + 목적어): 주어와 목적어 사이에 대등 관계가 성립하지 않습니다. 이것이 보어와 목적어의 차이입니다. 
  • 예: She read a book. (She ≠ a book, 대등 관계 불성립)
  • 5형식 문장 (주어 + 동사 + 목적어 + 목적격 보어): 목적어와 목적격 보어 사이에 대등 관계가 성립합니다. 목적어를 보충 설명합니다. 4형식 문장(주어 + 동사 + 간접 목적어 + 직접 목적어)과는 달리, 목적격 보어는 목적어와의 대등 관계를 기준으로 파악합니다.
  • 예: We made the room clean. (the room = clean, 대등 관계 성립)
  • 예 (4형식): He gave me a book. (me ≠ a book, 대등 관계 불성립) 이것이 보어와 목적어의 차이입니다. 

정답 찾기 꿀팁:

  • 주격 보어(S.C.): be 동사(is, are, was, were)나 become, seem, remain 등 ‘상태’를 나타내는 동사 뒤에 옵니다.
  • 목적격 보어(O.C.): 목적어 뒤에 와서 목적어를 설명합니다. make, find, consider 등의 동사와 함께 쓰입니다.

[연습 4] 보어(C) 찾기 (총 20문제)

다음 문장에서 보어를 찾아 밑줄 치고 C(보어)로 표기하세요. 

  1. The new policy is effective.
  2. He became a project manager.
  3. The report remains confidential.
  4. The weather seems fine.
  5. They made the presentation successful.
  6. The audience found the speaker charming.
  7. I consider the information useful.
  8. The manager is very busy.
  9. The new dress looks great.
  10. We found the instructions clear.
  11. The food tastes delicious.
  12. He is a doctor.
  13. The problem seems complicated.
  14. She became a teacher.
  15. They made him president.
  16. The music sounds beautiful.
  17. The situation remains uncertain.
  18. I consider this important.
  19. The task appears easy.
  20. We found the experience rewarding.
[연습 5] 종합 훈련: 문장 성분 모두 찾기

다음 문장에서 **주어(S), 동사(V), 목적어(O), 보어(C)**를 모두 찾아 각각 표기하세요.

  1. The company provides excellent customer service.
  2. He seems quite confident.
  3. The new regulations became mandatory.
  4. I consider him a great leader.
  5. The team successfully completed the task.
  6. The audience made the performance a great success.
  7. The documents were ready.
  8. We discussed the issue yesterday.
  9. The new system is very efficient.
  10. The training will improve your skills.
  11. She is a talented artist.
  12. They elected him chairman.
  13. The weather turned cold.
  14. I found the book interesting.
  15. The project seems promising.
  16. We made the team responsible.
  17. He is a reliable employee.
  18. They discussed the budget carefully.
  19. The results were disappointing.
  20. The company will offer new benefits.

정답 (Answers)

[연습 1] 주어(S) 찾기 (총 10문제)

  1. The new project
  2. The manager
  3. A new policy
  4. All employees
  5. Our team
  6. The company’s profits
  7. The delivery
  8. The customer
  9. Mr. Kim
  10. The updated software

[연습 2] 동사(V) 찾기 (총 10문제)

  1. will begin
  2. announced
  3. has been implemented
  4. attended
  5. is preparing
  6. increased
  7. arrived
  8. requested
  9. will be responsible
  10. is available

[연습 3] 목적어(O) 찾기 (총 20문제)

  1. a new product (O)
  2. the report (O)
  3. a qualified candidate (O)
  4. the proposal (O)
  5. a beautiful painting (O)
  6. the package (O)
  7. their assignments (O)
  8. the feedback (O)
  9. the contract (O)
  10. the solution (O)
  11. more time (O)
  12. a conference (O)
  13. a letter (O)
  14. the car (O)
  15. the invoice (O)
  16. your help (O)
  17. a new software (O)
  18. the offer (O)
  19. training (O)
  20. a new phone (O)

[연습 4] 보어(C) 찾기 (총 20문제)

  1. effective (C)
  2. a project manager (C)
  3. confidential (C)
  4. fine (C)
  5. successful (C)
  6. charming (C)
  7. useful (C)
  8. very busy (C)
  9. great (C)
  10. clear (C)
  11. delicious (C)
  12. a doctor (C)
  13. complicated (C)
  14. a teacher (C)
  15. president (C)
  16. beautiful (C)
  17. uncertain (C)
  18. important (C)
  19. easy (C)
  20. rewarding (C)
[연습 5] 종합 훈련: 문장 성분 모두 찾기
  1. S: The company / V: will offer / O: new benefits
  2. S: The company / V: provides / O: excellent customer service
  3. S: He / V: seems / C: quite confident
  4. S: The new regulations / V: became / C: mandatory
  5. S: I / V: consider / O: him / C: a great leader
  6. S: The team / V: successfully completed / O: the task (※ successfully는 부사)
  7. S: The audience / V: made / O: the performance / C: a great success
  8. S: The documents / V: were / C: ready
  9. S: We / V: discussed / O: the issue (※ yesterday는 부사)
  10. S: The new system / V: is / C: very efficient
  11. S: The training / V: will improve / O: your skills
  12. S: She / V: is / C: a talented artist
  13. S: They / V: elected / O: him / C: chairman
  14. S: The weather / V: turned / C: cold
  15. S: I / V: found / O: the book / C: interesting
  16. S: The project / V: seems / C: promising
  17. S: We / V: made / O: the team / C: responsible
  18. S: He / V: is / C: a reliable employee
  19. S: They / V: discussed / O: the budget (※ carefully는 부사)
  20. S: The results / V: were / C: disappointing

학습 자료를 출력하여 빈칸을 채워 나가다 보면, 개념은 저절로 정리됩니다.

토익 문법 학습지 2. 문장 성분 찾기 개념 완성 학습지다운로드